The first category of the maqasid provides ontological guidance, consisting of respect for religious freedom (haqq al din); for the sacredness of the individual person (haqq al nafs), including right to life; for the sacred nature of the derivative communities from family to nation to humankind and beyond (haqq al nasl), including communitarian pluralism; and for our physical environment (haqq al mahid, from wahda or oneness).The issue of duties should not be confused with the issue of rights. He is currently Editor in Chief of the Armonia Journal). Their writings are then used extensively by phobic non-Muslims. The practice of women wearing head-cover was normal in public until a century-and-a-half ago, when secular triumphalism began to replace the transcendent source of religion as the origin and essence of values and of the very concept of both personal and societal virtue. More than half a millennium ago, Ibn Khaldun, who is considered to be the world’s first sociologist, explained the difference between the bad asabiya, namely, tribalism, and the good asabiya, community loyalty.The point of this article on Islamophobic fear of women in so-called “required traditional dress” is that the legitimacy or even the duty and requirement of total or even partial face-cover in Muslim applicable law, known as fiqh, is not an issue of moral value within the higher principles of justice in Islamic jurisprudence (maqasid al shari’ah).The question then becomes, what does Islam teach and what do Muslims think that it teaches.The key issue for jurisprudents should be the extent to which any cultural practice results from deformation of religion into tribalism. He finished his 4-volume textbook, Islam and Muslims: Essence and Practice.At the highest level of nationhood such good asabiya would make possible cooperation of nations, based on each one’s pride in its own heritage, common values in the present, and common hopes for the future, in a confederal system of government, especially suitable for the nations in Central and Southwest Asia, where the alternative is perpetual warfare.Islamophobia is an extremist phobia against what one considers to be fundamental teachings of Islam as a world religion.

(The author was appointed US Ambassador to the UAE with responsibility for two-track diplomacy with the Muslim Brotherhood chapters in the Middle East and North Africa.The second category is epistemological and is designed for axiological application in ever greater specifics.In regard to both the burqa and niqab, my opinion is that the teaching of Prophet Muhammad provides the wisest advice, namely, that Muslims should follow the practices of the society in which they live to the extent that any particular practice is not clearly un-Islamic. In the Western world simple head-cover is not generally considered to be extremism. The good asabiya consists of pride in the best of one’s own community so that one can appreciate and support the best of other communities in mutual cooperation for everyone’s benefit. The understandable and correct assumption is that this woman must be a Muslim, followed by the incorrect assumption that therefore Islam teaches terrorism and breeds terrorists.Now, Cylindrical Grinding Machine factory after many centuries of intellectual stagnation, scholars are replicating the long-forgotten, critical analysis necessary to uncover the extent of the fraudulent nature of hadith invented to justify the un-Islamic practices that one ruler or another had imposed. Instead this practice has become an issue of personal identity in the fragmentation of society illustrated by the opposite extreme whereby some “liberated” women now claim that they are free to choose and to shift back and forth at will among as many as 52 different sexual identities.The practice of women wearing head-cover was normal in public until a century-and-a-half ago, when secular triumphalism began to replace the transcendent source of religion as the origin and essence of values and of the very concept of both personal and societal virtue.

The issue of women wearing a face-cover, a burqa, in public is different from wearing hijab or head-cover to keep private a woman’s attractive hair. These are economic justice, including reduction of the wealth gap by reform of money, credit, and banking in order to universalise individual capital ownership; political justice, specifically through khilafa, shurah, and ijma; gender equity as part of human honour; and freedom of thought, publication, and assembly, known as haqq al ’ilm and more specifically as haqq al ’aql.The second point is that the so-called textual bases of extremist interpretations of Islam, by Muslims as well as by non-Muslims, are being deconstructed by critical analysis not in the sense of criticising Islam but in the second dictionary sense of the word “critical”, namely, “exercising, or involving, careful judgement”. The bad asabiya consists of self-worship as a means to assert and maintain one’s identity by looking down on others as inferior. Even self-declared “traditionalist” Muslims can be guilty of Islamophobia by misinterpreting classical Islam. This can be triggered by seeing a woman swathed in black clothes wearing a black mask covering part or even all of her face, popularly called a burqa, like a supposed bank robber or terrorist.In Islamic jurisprudence the specific rules for application, namely the axiology or fiqh, should be derived both from the rationally derived purposes and from the specific rules evident in divine revelation and prophetic practice

But Saudi activists say social change will only be cosmetic without dismantling the kingdom’s rigid guardianship system, which requires that women seek permission from a male relative to study, travel and other activities.Saudi women now no longer need male permission to start business.“It’s a rite of passage for women.Saudi Arabia ranked a low of 138 out of 144 countries in the 2017 Global Gender Gap Report by the World Economic Forum on gender parity.”Prince Mohammed’s Vision 2030 reform plan for a post-oil era seeks to elevate women to nearly one-third of the workforce, up from about 22 per cent now.Bukhari, previously employed in a junior role by the same parent company, was forced to go on the defensive, telling critics she was in a managerial position and not physically handling fuel nozzles.The reform introduces a novel concept in married life: mutual consent.The social change, catalysed in large measure by what experts characterise as economic pain owing to a protracted oil slump, has introduced a series of firsts.“Women today have the right to do any work.But Riyadh is seeking to change that through what appears to be social engineering.The decision to allow women to drive after a decades-long ban could give women the much-needed mobility to join the workforce.But the backlash faced by women like Bukhari illustrates how newfound empowerment high-quality wholesale Automatic Loading And Unloading CNC Cylindrical Grinding is a potential social lightning rod in a country unaccustomed to such visibility for women.

One Saudi woman told AFP how she was stuck in limbo, unable to even renew her passport, when her father, her only male guardian, slipped into a coma after an accident.“Maybe five years from now it will be normal to see women at gas stations,” he said, kissing his mother’s hand.For the first time, women are seen alongside men in jazz music concerts and in mixed-gender restaurants, as the influence of the once-feared religious police — notorious for enforcing gender segregation — appears to be waning.Saudi media has championed in recent months the first woman restaurant chef, first woman veterinarian and even the first woman tour guide.“Saudi women are better educated, but less mobile, less employed and vastly underpaid,” Karen Young, a scholar at the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington, told AFP.Saudi Arabia also recently annulled the “house of obedience” article in the marriage law, which grants a husband the right to summon his wife to his home against her will.Khobar, Saudi Arabia: Mervat Bukhari, a force of nature draped head-to-toe in Islamic niqab, braved insults and taunts to become the first Saudi woman to work at a gas station, something unimaginable not long ago.“If I could choose between the right to drive or the right to end guardianship, I would choose the latter,” a women’s activist said on the condition of anonymity.The kingdom, where conservatives once bridled at even limited freedoms for women, is in the midst of reforms that mark the biggest cultural shake-up in its modern history. I don’t fill gas myself,” she reasoned, seeking to win a modicum of respectability for a job that class-conscious Saudi men disdain.The reforms have seen the Saudi labour market slowly open up to women, introducing them to jobs that were once firmly the preserve of men.

The reforms have had an unwitting consequence, observers note — competition with arch-nemesis Iran to be more liberal over women’s rights.“This is not a revolution, this is evolution,” Hoda al-Helaissi, a member of the advisory Shura Council, told AFP, referring to newfound social liberties.Authorities appear to be slowly dismantling the many injustices against women ingrained in the law.When Bukhari, 43 and a mother of four, was promoted as supervisor of a gas station in eastern Khobar city last October, insults began pouring in on social media with the hashtag “Saudi women don’t work at gas stations”.That leaves many vulnerable to the whims of a controlling father, a violent husband or a vengeful son.Women inmates are often reported to be stuck in prisons after completing their terms because they were not claimed by their guardians.Average monthly salaries in the private sector are close to 8,000 Saudi riyals ($2,134,1,748 euros) for men, and only 5,000 riyals for women, according to research firm Jadwa.But women face sobering realities — despite often being better qualified than men.But the 16-year-old prefers to hide his mother’s job from his peers, hoping to protect her from even more insults.Tehran recently relaxed its crackdown on women failing to wear the compulsory headscarf.Government statistics also put more than one million Saudi women as currently looking to enter the workforce.Kickstarted by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, the reforms include the historic decision allowing women to drive from June, attend soccer games and take on jobs that once fell outside the narrow confines of traditional gender roles..Horror stories have regularly surfaced.”Back at Bukhari’s home in neighbouring Dammam city, she embraced her youngest son Mohammed — who stood by her even as her brothers decried her gas station job as a shocking breach of tradition.“I am a supervisor.“The well-known expression: ‘You are a woman, cover your face’ seems to be disappearing from our society,” human rights lawyer Abdulrahman al-Lahim wrote recently in the pro-government Okaz newspaper

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Los Angeles: Following days of protests, police in San Diego on Friday released video footage of the fatal shooting of an unarmed black man, saying the decision was made to counter "misinformation" being circulated about the incident."According to a document obtained by AFP, US immigration authorities twice unsuccessfully tried to deport Olango, once for transporting and selling drugs and later for a firearms conviction."My son was a good, loving young man," she said tearfully.Local officials in El Cajon have vowed a thorough and transparent investigation and initially refused to release the video of the incident pending the outcome of a probe.The police confrontation with Olango took place after his sister called police three times saying he was acting erratically and walking into traffic.He is then seen being tasered and shot as he points an object at one of the officers.He was released from custody both times, as US law dictates that immigrants cannot be held indefinitely if their country of origin refuses to allow them back.Olango attended school in San Diego before dropping out, according to media reports, and worked as a cook at a Hooters restaurant.According to local media reports, it took police 50 minutes to dispatch officers to the scene."She said the family had arrived as refugees in the United States 25 years ago, fleeing unrest in Uganda.

The cylindrical object turned out to be a vape inhaler.Davis said the two officers involved in the incident -- both 21-year veterans -- had been placed on China Cylindrical Grinding Machine Manufacturers administrative leave."Davis said several stores had shut down on Friday and schools had let out students early, fearing more violence."Our only concern at this point was community safety," he added."Our goal today is to clarify and hopefully calm the community's concerns regarding the recent officer-involved shooting," police chief Jeff Davis told reporters on Friday as he released the video footage."We want to make sure that the (police) officers are safe, as well..In both instances, Ugandan authorities refused to issue travel documents allowing Olango to return to his homeland, US authorities said. I wanted him to enjoy his daughter.Olango's mother, Pamela Benge, said on Thursday that her son had had a breakdown after losing a friend but was not mentally ill.The video shows the man being tasered and shot by police as he points an object, which turned out to be a vape inhaler, at one officer."We want to make sure that everyone's safe, everyone gets home," he added, standing alongside the police chief at the news conference.Davis said police used tear gas to disperse the crowd and five people were arrested.He said Olango's family had declined to watch the video earlier in the day and the decision to release it was to dispel any "misconceptions" about what happened.

The grainy cellphone and surveillance videos show the victim, Alfred Olango, 38, a Ugandan immigrant, pacing back and forth as he is confronted by two police officers in the parking lot of a strip mall.Several local African-American community leaders welcomed the release of the video on Friday and urging the community to remain calm."It is okay to protest, but we want folks to protest in peace," said the Reverend Gerald Brown, executive director of the United African-American Ministerial Action Council. "We felt that the aggression of some of the protesters was escalating to the point where it was necessary to release some information.The shooting took place as the United States is reeling from a string of police shootings of black men, including one earlier this month in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and another in Charlotte, North Carolina, that also ignited protests and heightened racial tensions."The family initially immigrated to New York as refugees in 1991 but then eventually moved to southern California.One person was also pulled off his motorcycle.The deadly confrontation in El Cajon, a suburb of San Diego, has prompted daily street demonstrations that turned violent late Thursday after protesters blocked some streets, hurling bottles and rocks at passing vehicles and police and smashing car windows. We just need protection, that's all. "I wanted his future to be longer than that. "I thought a lovely nice country like this would protect us.'Came from war zone'"We came from a war zone," she said

The face indicates presence. The psalmist “seeks the face of God” ever yearning to experience divine presence and power. Let’s get behind the faces we see today and strive to brighten up a few of them with a kind word, a generous deed or a contagious smile. “O God, may your face shine upon us that we may be saved” and “May the Lord make his face to shine upon you”. But, did you check about wearing a big smile to light up your face? A song from the Broadway musical Annie insightfully says: “You’re never fully dressed without a smile”. Gospel writer Luke describes the face of Christianity’s first martyr, Stephen, as the “face of an angel” and the transfigured face of Jesus “shone like the sun” indicating his divine nature. The faces of those you call chaiwalla, sabziwalli, chowkidar, maali or driver might only interest you for providing the services you need.

Today, your face will reveal to those you meet whether you’re glad or sad, whether you wish to talk to them or ignore them, and whether you wish them well or are simply uninterested in their welfare. So, why don’t you put your best face forward to everyone you’ll face today?In the Bible, “face” has many meanings. To “see the face” simply means to be in the presence of someone. When the king asks: “Why is your face sad?” it means, “Why are you sad?” With childlike simplicity, when Moses desires to hide himself, he covers his face and his radiant face amply indicates that he has seen God. But they all have names, besides being fathers, mothers, sisters and brothers of someone who loves them dearly. Moreover, the face wholesale CNC Universal Cylindrical Grinding Machine online stands for light and blessing. How true. Face stands for the “self”.Your face is your passport to enter into people’s lives. To honour one’s face is to honour the person her/himself.

Wouldn’t it be good to put names to faces?Giving a few extra bucks to the driver who drove you to work, asking the maali about his family, or gifting your cook a new sari occasionally cause faces to brighten and smiles to lengthen.The face reveals nature and character.Every face tells a story.Be attentive to those you will face today. Even if others’ faces do not light up; surely, one will: yours. Prophet Ezekiel reproaches the wicked by saying: “Shame shall be on their faces”.Finally, the face reveals emotions: “No longer shall Jacob be ashamed, no longer shall his face grow pale,” and, “A glad heart makes a cheerful countenance”.Getting dressed this morning, you must have certainly looked into a mirror. You probably took great care to make yourself look presentable, even lovable.